The Cellulosic

Second-Generation Ethanol Offers Better Performance in Terms of GHG Emissions Savings

Cellulosic ethanol is seen as one of the most promising options for future biofuel production, helping to diversify energy sources and decarbonize the transport sector. With electricity not always a viable option, especially in aviation, second-generation ethanol from cellulosic material offers better performance in terms of greenhouse gas emissions savings and low risk of direct and indirect land-use change compared to conventional ethanol from food and feed crops.

Despite policy support and significant research and development funding, cellulosic ethanol production remains limited. A comprehensive review published in the Journal of Cleaner Production examines the status of cellulosic ethanol production in and outside the EU, reviewing available literature and highlighting technical and non-technical barriers that still limit its production at a commercial scale.

Technical and Non-Technical Barriers Still Limit Production at Commercial Scale

The review finds that the cellulosic ethanol sector is still stagnating, characterized by technical difficulties as well as high production costs. Competitiveness issues against standard starch-based ethanol are evident, with many commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plants currently idle or on hold.

The paper highlights the need for continued R&D efforts to address the technical barriers and reduce production costs. Additionally, policy support should be designed to ensure competitiveness and market penetration of cellulosic ethanol.

The review concludes that despite its potential, the commercial production of cellulosic ethanol is still facing significant challenges. While research and development in the field continue to progress, the industry will need a combination of technical breakthroughs and effective policy support to achieve its full potential and contribute to a more sustainable energy future.

Padella, M.; O’Connell, A.; Prussi, M. What is still Limiting the Deployment of Cellulosic Ethanol? Analysis of the Current Status of the Sector. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 4523. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214523